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Title:

Challenges to Global Surveillance and Response to Infectious Disease Outbreaks of International Importance

Authors:

Penny Hitchcock, Allison Chamberlain, Megan Van Wagoner, Thomas V. Inglesby, Tara O’Toole

Date posted:

September 15, 2007

Publication type:

Article

Publication:

Biosecur Bioterror 2007;5(3):206-227

Publisher:

Mary Ann Leibert, Inc.

DOI:

10.1089/bsp.2007.0041

Availability:

Available on publisher's website

See also:

Full article as PDF

Introduction:

This article presents a notional scheme of global surveillance and response to infectious disease outbreaks and reviews 14 international surveillance and response programs. In combination, the scheme and the programs illustrate how, in an ideal world and in the real world, infectious disease outbreaks of public health significance could be detected and contained. Notable practices and achievements of the programs are cited; these may be useful when instituting new programs or redesigning existing ones. Insufficiencies are identified in four critical areas: health infrastructure; scientific methods and concepts of operation; essential human, technical, and financial resources; and international policies. These insufficiencies challenge global surveillance of and response to infectious disease outbreaks of international importance. This article is intended to help policymakers appreciate the complexity of the problem and assess the impact and cost-effectiveness of proposed solutions. An assessment of the potential contribution of appropriate diagnostic tests to surveillance and response is included.